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Deep frying (also referred to as deep fat frying) is a cooking method in which food is submerged in hot fat, most commonly oil. Normally, a deep fryer or chip pan is used for this; industrially, a pressure fryer or vacuum fryer may be used. Deep frying may also be performed using oil that is heated in a pot. Deep frying is classified as a dry heat cooking method〔〔 because no water is used. Typically, deep frying cooks foods quickly: all sides of a food are cooked simultaneously as oil has a high rate of heat conduction.〔 The word "deep frying" and many modern deep-fried foods were not invented until the 19th century, but the practice has been around for millennia. Early records and cookbooks suggest that the practice began in a few European and Arabian countries before other countries adopted the practice. Deep frying is popular worldwide, with deep-fried foods accounting for a large portion of global caloric consumption. Many foods are deep-fried and cultures surrounding deep frying have developed, most notably in the Southern United States, where many events dedicated to deep frying food and non-edible items are held. ==History== Although the nouns "deep-fried", "deep-frying", and the verb "deep-fry" were not documented until 1916, 1932, and 1933 (respectively); the practice of deep frying food has been around much longer. One of the earliest known practices of deep frying came from the Egyptians in the 5th millennium BCE. Later developments included the Greeks deep frying food in olive oil in the 5th century BCE. In the 1st century CE, a Roman cookbook, ''Apicius'', appears to list the ancient Romans' first use of deep frying to prepare Pullum Frontonianum, a chicken dish.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=LacusCurtius • Apicius, De Re Coquinaria—Book VI )〕 The practice of deep frying spread to other parts of Europe and Arabia in the following centuries. Deep-fried foods such as funnel cakes arrived in northern Europe by the 13th century, and deep-fried fish recipes have been found in cookbooks in Spain and Portugal at around the same time. Falafel arrived in the Middle East from population migrations from Egypt as soon as the 14th century. The deep frying of food in Japan was likely introduced by Portuguese the 16th century. Evidence of potato frying can be found as early as the late 17th century in Europe.〔 Modern deep frying began in the 19th century with the growing popularity of cast iron, particularly around the American South which lead to the development of many modern deep-fried dishes.〔 French fries, invented in the late 18th century, became popular in the early 19th century western Europe. Doughnuts were invented in the mid-19th century,〔"'Old Salt' Doughnut hole inventor tells just how discovery was made and stomachs of earth saved." Special to ''The Washington Post''; ''The Washington Post'' (1877–1954), Washington, D.C; 26 March 1916; p. ES9〕 with foods such as onion rings,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ifood.tv/onion/onion-ring/about )〕 deep-fried turkey, and corn dogs all being invented in the early 20th century. In recent years, the growth of fast food has expanded the reach of deep-fried foods, especially French fries. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「deep frying」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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